Muhammad Khan Asif, Norliza Ibrahim, Saritha Sivarajan, Ng Heng Khiang Teh, and Mang Chek Wey
What did the authors aim to do in this study?
This study aimed to investigate the effects of micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) on the mandibular bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) ratio changes and the rate of orthodontic tooth movement using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Apart from this, another objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of MOP frequency intervals (4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks) on the BV/TV ratio and rate of tooth movement.
How did the authors evaluate?
The study included 24 participants who were undergoing orthodontic therapy. The mandibular dentition was bonded with preadjusted edgewise brackets and the first and second molars were banded. Mini-implants were inserted in the keratinized gingiva between the second premolars and first molars bilaterally for both indirect and direct anchorage purposes. The canine retraction was done 1 month after insertion of a stainless-steel working archwire, using a power chain, with 140-200 g of force, engaged from the canines to the mini-implants. The distance of canine movement was recorded every 4 weeks with digital calipers accurate to 0.01 mm, for 12 weeks. MOPs were performed according to the scheduled intervals of the 3 different groups (Fig 1).
At the experimental site, 3 MOPs were made directly at the buccal cortical bone of extracted first premolars sites, at equidistance from the canine and second premolar under local anesthesia. The MOPs were 2 mm apart in vertical direction and 3 mm in depth. The first MOP was placed starting at the horizontal level of the cervical margin of the canine tooth and extending apically. Group 1 received 4 sessions of MOPs at week 0 (baseline), 4, 8, and 12. Group 2 received 2 MOPs at week 0 (baseline) and 8. Group 3 received 2 MOPs at week 0 (baseline) and 12. In the 12th week after the MOP application, CBCT scans of the mandibular left and right quadrants (both control and intervention side) were acquired. The rate of orthodontic tooth movement was assessed by comparing the available space between control and MOP sites in 3 different interval groups. Computed tomography Analyzer software was used to compute the trabecular alveolar BV/TV ratio.
Paired t test analysis was used twice to compare the amount of canine retraction and the BV/TV ratio between all MOP and control sides, and subsequently for each specific MOP interval. Pearson correlation analysis was employed to investigate the correlation between the BV/TV ratio at the MOP side and the rate of canine tooth movement for each frequency interval.
What did the authors find?
The authors found that a significant difference was observed in the rate of canine movement between control and MOP. Paired t test analysis showed a significant difference in the mean BV/TV ratio between the control and MOP sides in all the frequency interval groups. However, the difference was significant only in Group 1. A strong negative correlation was observed between the rate of canine tooth movement and the BV/TV ratio at the MOP side for group 1 and all frequency intervals together. This result could be due to the lesser MOP frequency received in the latter groups compared with group 1, which resulted in an increased BV/TV rate and reduced canine tooth movement.
What did the authors conclude?
The rate of orthodontic tooth movement can be accelerated by the MOP technique with frequently repeated MOPs throughout the treatment.
Asif MK, Ibrahim N, Sivarajan S, Heng Khiang Teh N, Chek Wey M. Osseous evidence behind micro-osteoperforation technique in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement: A 3-month study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2020 Oct;158(4):579-586.
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